Common Smart Contract Vulnerabilities in 2025

Smart contract security is more critical than ever. Our AI Shield automatically detects the most common vulnerabilities before they become exploits.

1. Reentrancy Attacks

**Risk Level:** Critical

**Frequency:** High

Reentrancy occurs when a contract calls an external contract before updating its internal state. This allows attackers to recursively call the vulnerable function and drain funds.

**How AI Shield Detects It:**

- Analyzes call patterns and state changes

- Identifies external calls before state updates

- Flags missing ReentrancyGuard implementations

- Real-time monitoring of suspicious recursive calls

**Prevention:**

- Use OpenZeppelin's ReentrancyGuard

- Follow checks-effects-interactions pattern

- Update state before external calls

2. Access Control Vulnerabilities

**Risk Level:** Critical

**Frequency:** Medium

Improperly configured access controls can allow unauthorized users to execute privileged functions, leading to complete contract takeover.

**How AI Shield Detects It:**

- Scans all function modifiers

- Verifies role-based access control (RBAC) implementation

- Identifies public functions that should be restricted

- Monitors unauthorized access attempts in real-time

**Prevention:**

- Use OpenZeppelin's AccessControl

- Implement multi-signature for critical functions

- Regular access control audits

3. Oracle Manipulation

**Risk Level:** Critical

**Frequency:** Medium

Price oracle manipulation through flash loans or low-liquidity pools can cause massive losses in DeFi protocols.

**How AI Shield Detects It:**

- Monitors price feed deviations

- Detects flash loan patterns

- Identifies single-source oracle dependencies

- Real-time alerts on abnormal price movements

**Prevention:**

- Use multiple oracle sources (Chainlink, Band Protocol)

- Implement TWAP (Time-Weighted Average Price)

- Add circuit breakers for extreme price changes

4. Integer Overflow/Underflow

**Risk Level:** High

**Frequency:** Low (in Solidity 0.8+)

Arithmetic operations that exceed variable limits can wrap around, creating unexpected values and vulnerabilities.

**How AI Shield Detects It:**

- Identifies contracts using Solidity < 0.8

- Scans for missing SafeMath usage

- Analyzes arithmetic operations for potential overflows

- Flags unchecked blocks with risky operations

**Prevention:**

- Use Solidity 0.8+ with built-in overflow protection

- Use SafeMath for older versions

- Carefully review unchecked blocks

5. Front-Running and MEV

**Risk Level:** Medium

**Frequency:** Very High

Malicious actors monitor the mempool to front-run transactions, extracting value from legitimate users.

**How AI Shield Detects It:**

- Mempool monitoring for suspicious patterns

- Identifies sandwich attacks

- Detects abnormal gas price spikes

- Tracks MEV bot activity

**Prevention:**

- Implement commit-reveal schemes

- Use private transaction pools (Flashbots)

- Add slippage protection

- Time-locked transactions for sensitive operations

6. Denial of Service (DoS)

**Risk Level:** Medium

**Frequency:** Medium

Attackers can make contracts unusable by exploiting gas limits, reverting transactions, or blocking critical functions.

**How AI Shield Detects It:**

- Identifies unbounded loops

- Flags external call dependencies

- Monitors gas consumption patterns

- Detects repeated failed transactions

**Prevention:**

- Avoid unbounded loops

- Implement pull over push payment patterns

- Set gas limits for external calls

- Use circuit breakers

AI Shield Advantage

Our AI-powered monitoring system provides:

- **Real-time Detection:** Identifies threats in < 3 seconds

- **Automated Alerts:** Instant notifications via Telegram/Discord

- **Pattern Recognition:** Machine learning identifies new attack vectors

- **24/7 Monitoring:** Continuous protection across 7 blockchains

- **Preventive Analysis:** Catches vulnerabilities before deployment

Statistics 2025

- **Vulnerabilities detected:** 1,247

- **Exploits prevented:** 89%

- **Average response time:** 2.3 seconds

- **False positive rate:** < 0.5%

Conclusion

Smart contract security requires constant vigilance. SOLAY39's AI Shield combines automated detection with expert analysis to protect your project from the most common and emerging vulnerabilities.

**Start your free audit today and secure your smart contracts.**